The Charles H. Winter Group
Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University

 


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Publications and Patents as of April 2012:


A.  Publications
 

138. "A Simple Model in Which Intraligand Interactions Control the Cu-Cu Distances in Cu(II) Paddlewheel Dimers, " M. C. Karunarathne, R. L. Lord, J. Sonk, Mary Jane Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, 2012, submitted.

137. "Metallapyrimidines and Metallapyrimidinium From Oxidative Addition of Pyrazole N-N Bonds to Nb(III), Nb(IV), and Ta(IV) Metal Centers and Assessment of Their Aromatic Character, " T. H. Pirera, R. L. Lord, Mary Jane Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, 2012, submitted.

136. "Low Temperature Growth of High Purity, Low Resistivity Copper Films by Atomic Layer Deposition" T. J. Knisley, T. C. Ariyasena, T. Sajavaara, M. J. Saly, and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 4417-4419.

135. "Poly(pyrazolyl)aluminate Complexes Containing Aluminum-Hydrogen Bonds," C. J. Snyder, Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 9210-9212.

134. "Volatility and High Thermal Stability in Mid- to Late-First-Row Transition Metal Diazadienyl Complexes," T. J. Knisley, M. J. Saly, Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2011, 30, 5010-5017.

133. "Efficient Hydride and Pyrazolyl Redistribution upon Thermolysis of a Calcium Complex Containing Dihydrobis(pyrazolyl) borate Ligands," M. J. Saly, J. Li, Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 7385-7387.

132. "The Atomic Layer Deposition of SrB2O4 Films Using the Thermally Stable Precursor Bis(tris(pyrazolyl)borate) Strontium," M. J. Saly, F. Munnik and C. H. Winter, Chem. Vap. Depos. 2011, 17, 128-134.

131. "Tetramethylcyclobutadienecobalt(I) Complexes Containing Pyrazolate or Tetrazolate Ligands with Various Coordination Modes." O. M. El-Kadri, Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2011, 696, 1975-1981.

130. "Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Properties of Heavier Alkaline Earth Complexes Containing Bis(pyrazolyl) Borate or bis(3, 5- diisopropylpyrazolyl) Borate Ligands," M. J. Saly, Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2011, 30, 1330-1338.

129. "Atomic layer deposition of CaB2O4 films using bis(tris(pyrazolyl) borate) calcium as a highly thermally stable boron and calcium source"    M. J. Saly, F. Munnik and C. H. Winter, J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 9995-10000.  

128. "Highly Distorted κ 3-N,N,H Bonding of Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolyl)borate Ligands to the Heavier Group 2 Elements," M. J. Saly and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2010, 29, 5472-5480.

127. "Growth of Tantalum(V) Oxide Films by Atomic Layer Deposition Using the Highly Thermally Stable Precursor Ta(NtBu)(iPrNC(Me)NiPr)2(NMe2)." M. K. Wiedmann; M. C. Karunarathne; R. J. Baird and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 4400-4405.

126. "Complexes of the [K(18-Crown-6)]+ Fragment with Bis(tetrazolyl)borate Ligands: Unexpected Boron-Nitrogen Bond Isomerism and Associated Enforcement of κ3-N,N',H-Ligand Chelation," D. Lu and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2010, 49, 5795-5797.

125. "Optical Properties of Al2O3 Thin Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition," P. Kumar; M. K. Wiedmann; C. H. Winter and I. Avrutsky, Appl. Phys. 2009, 48, 5407-5412.

124. "Synthesis, Structure, Properties, Volatility, and Thermal Stability of Molybdenum(II) and Tungsten(II) Complexes Containing Allyl, Carbonyl, and Pyrazolate or Amidinate Ligands," O. M. El-Kadri; Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2009, 694, 3902-2911. 

123. "Atomic Layer Deposition Growth of BaB2O4 Thin Films from an Exceptionally Thermally Stable Tris(pyrazolyl)borate-Based Precursor," M. J. Saly; F. Munnik; R. J. Baird and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3742-3744.

122. "Volatility and High Thermal Stability in Tantalum Complexes Containing Imido, Amidinate, and Halide or Dialkylamide Ligands," M. K. Wiedmann; Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48, 5382-5391. 

121. Volatility, High Thermal Stability, and Low Melting Points in Heavier Alkaline Earth Metal Complexes Containing Tris(pyrazolyl)borate Ligands." M. J. Saly; Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48, 5303-5312. 

120. Magnesium Complexes Containing β-ketiminate and β-diketiminate Ligands with Dimethylamino Substituents on the Ligand Core Nitrogen Atoms," B. Sedai; and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2009, 28, 1032-1038. 

119. "Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Heavier Group 1 Methyltetrazolate Complexes: New Bridging Coordination Modes of the Tetrazolate Ligand," S. Poturovic; D. Lu; Mary Jane Heeg and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2008, 27, 3280-3286.

118.  “A Pyrazolate-Based Metalorganic Tantalum Precursor That Exhibits High Thermal Stability and Its Use in the Atomic Layer Deposition of Ta2O5,” C. L. Dezelah IV, M. K. Wiedmann, K. Mizohata, R. J. Baird, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 12370-12371.

117. “The Growth of ErxGa2-xO3 films by Atomic Layer Deposition from Two Different Precursor Systems,” C. L. Dezelah IV, P. Myllymäki, J. Päiväsaari, K. Arstila, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, J. Mater. Chem. 2007, 17, 1308-1315.

116. “A Low Valent Metalorganic Precursor for the Growth of Tungsten Nitride Thin Films by Atomic Layer Deposition,” C. L. Dezelah IV, O. M. El-Kadri, K. Kukli, K. Arstila, R. Baird, J. Lu, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, J. Mater. Chem. 2007, 17, 1109-1116.

115. “Atomic Layer Deposition of Rare Earth Oxides,” J. Päiväsaari, J. Niinistö, P. Myllymäki, C. L. Dezelah IV, C. H. Winter, M. Putkonen, M. Nieminen, and L. Niinistö, Top. Appl. Phys. 2007, 106, 15-32.

114. “Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Coordination of 1,2,4-Triazolato, Tetrazolato, and Pentazolato Ligands to the [K(18-crown-6)]+ Fragment,” I. Kobrsi, W. Zheng, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 8700-8710.

113. “Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Properties of Chromium(III) Complexes Containing Amidinato Ligands and η2-Pyrazolato, η2-1,2,4-Triazolato, or η1-Tetrazolato Ligands,” O. M. El-Kadri, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Dalton Trans. 2006, 4506-4513.

112. “Atomic Layer Deposition of Tungsten(III) Oxide Thin Films From W2(NMe2)6 and Water. Oxidation State Control in the Thin Film Material Through Precursor Design,” C. L. Dezelah IV, O. M. El-Kadri, I. Szilágyi, J. M. Campbell, K. Arstila, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 9638-9639.

111. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a Dimeric Chromium(II) Pyrazolato Complex With a Long Chromium-Chromium Distance. Maintenance of a Dimeric Structure in Solution and Interconversion Between Dimeric and Monomeric Structures,” O. M. El-Kadri, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 5278-5280.

110. “Synthesis, Structure, and Bridge-Terminal Alkyl Exchange Kinetics of Pyrazolate-Bridged Dialuminum Complexes Containing Bridging n-Alkyl Groups,” C. T. Sirimanne, Z. K. Yu, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2006, 691, 2517-2527.

109. “Niobium and Tantalum Complexes Containing 1,1-Dialkylhydrazine-Derived Ligands,” E. Sebe, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2006, 25, 2109-2118.

108. “Film Growth Precursor Development for Metal Nitrides. Synthesis, Structure, and Volatility of Molybdenum(VI) and Tungsten(VI) Complexes Containing Bis(imido)metal Fragments and Various Nitrogen Donor Ligands,” O. M. El-Kadri, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Dalton Trans. 2006, 1943-1953.

107. “Atomic Layer Deposition of Ga2O3 Films from a Dialkylamido-Based Precursor,” C. L. Dezelah IV, J. Niinistö, K. Arstila, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 471-475.

106. “Complexes of the Heavier Alkaline Earth Metals Containing β-Diketiminato and Iodide Ligand Sets,” H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2006, 25, 224-234.

105. “Synthesis, Structure, and Bridge-Terminal Exchange Kinetics of Pyrazolate-Bridged Digallium and Diindium Complexes Containing Bridging Phenyl Groups,” C. T. Sirimanne, W. Zheng, Z. Yu, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2005, 24, 6184-6193.

104. “Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Unsymmetrical Osmocenes Containing the Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ligand,” S. M. Arachchige, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2005, 690, 4356-4365.

103. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Volatile Lanthanide Complexes Containing Amidinate Ligands: Application for Er2O3 Thin Film Growth by Atomic Layer Deposition,” J. Päiväsaari, C. L. Dezelah IV, D. Back, H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, M. Putkonen, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 4224-4233.

102. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Zirconium and Hafnium Complexes Containing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands,” E. Sebe, I. A. Guzei, M. J. Heeg, L. M. Liable-Sands, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 3955-3961.

101. “Atomic Layer Deposition of Tungsten Carbonitride Thin Films from a New Metalorganic Precursor,” C. L. Dezelah IV, O. M. El-Kadri, M. J. Heeg, L. Niinistö, and C. H. Winter, Proc. Electrochem. Soc. 2005, 2005-09, 563-574. 

100. “Synthesis, Structure, and Ligand Redistribution Equilibria of Mixed Ligand Complexes of the Heavier Group 2 Elements Containing Pyrazolato and β-Diketiminato Ligands,” H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 2081-2088.

99. “Weak Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen Interactions Affect the Heterocyclic Ligand Bonding Modes in Barium Complexes Containing η2-Tetrazolato and η2-Pentazolato Ligands,” I. Kobrsi, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 4894-4896.

98. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Monomeric Strontium and Barium Complexes Containing Terminal η2-3,5-Di-tert-butylpyrazolato Ligands,” H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2005, 24, 645-653.

97. “Synthesis, Characterization, and Hydrolysis Products of (η2-tBu2pz)AlH(μ:η1,η1-tBu2pz)2 AlH2Structural Characterization of a Complex Containing η1-, η2-, and μ:η1,η1-Pyrazolato Ligands and a Complex Containing a Terminal Hydroxo Ligand,” Z. Yu, J. E. Knox, A. V. Korolev, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 330-337.

96. “Sandwich Complexes of the Heavier Alkaline Earth Metals Containing η5-β-Diketiminato Ligand Sets,” H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2004, 23, 4995-5002.

95. “Preparation and Characterization of Molybdenum and Tungsten Nitride Nanoparticles Obtained by Thermolysis of Molecular Precursors,” C. L. Dezelah IV, O. M. El-Kadri, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 3167-3176.

94. “Factors that Influence π- Versus η2-Coordination of β-Diketiminato Ligands in Magnesium Complexes,” H. M. El-Kaderi, A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2004, 23, 3488-3495.

93. “Synthesis and Characterization of Potassium Complexes Containing Terminal η2-Pyrazolato Ligands,” W. Zheng, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 2652-2657.

92. “Rare Earth Doped Silicon Nanocrystals Derived from an Erbium Amidinate Precursor,” J. Ji, R. A. Senter, L. R. Tessler, D. Back, C. H. Winter, and J. L. Coffer, Nanotechnology 2004, 15, 643-647.

91. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Magnesocene Amine Adducts. Structural Distortions Arising from N-H···C5H5- Hydrogen Bonding and Molecular Orbital Calculations Thereof,” A. Xia, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2003, 22, 4060-4069.

90. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Magnesium Complexes Containing Cyclopentadienyl and Amidinate Ligand Sets,” A. Xia, H. M. El-Kaderi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2003, 682, 224-232.

89. “Synthesis, Structure, Bridge-Terminal Exchange Kinetics, and Molecular Orbital Calculations of Pyrazolate-Bridged Digallium Complexes Containing Bridging Phenyl Groups,” C. T. Sirimanne, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 11152-11153.

88. “A Weak, Short Metal-Metal Bond in a Chromium(II) Amidinate Complex,” A. R. Sadique, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 7774-7775.

87. “Dimeric and Tetrameric Magnesium Acetylide Complexes. Unique Diorganomagnesium Aggregates and Structural Analogy with Organolithium Aggregates,” A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2003, 22, 1793-1795.

86. “η2-Coordination of Triazolato and Tetrazolato Ligands to the [K(18-crown-6)]+ Fragment. Structural Insight Into the Coordination of Nitrogen-Rich Azolato Ligands to Single Metal Centers,” W. Zheng, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 2761-2764.

85. “Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclopentadienyl Thiolato Complexes of Magnesium,” A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 2003, 669, 37-43.

84. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Magnesium Complexes Containing Mixed Cyclopentadienyl and Amido Ligand Sets,” A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2002, 21, 4718-4725.

83. “Intramolecular and Intermolecular N-H···C5H5- Hydrogen Bonding in Magnesocene Adducts of Primary Amines. Implications for Chemical Vapor Deposition Using Cyclopentadienyl Source Compounds,” A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 11264-11265.

82. “Synthesis, Structure, and Molecular Orbital Calculations of Vanadium(III) Complexes Containing h2-Pyrazolato Ligands. Understanding η2-Pyrazolato Ligand Coordination on d2 Metal Centers,” K. R. Gust, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 2327-2334.

81. “Synthesis, Structure, and Molecular Orbital Calculations of Chromium(III) and Iron(III) Complexes Containing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands,” K. R. Gust, J. E. Knox, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 1591-1594.

80. “Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Gallium Complexes Derived from Treatment of Gallium Trichloride with 3,5-Diphenylpyrazole,” Z. Yu, A. V. Korolev, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2002, 21, 1117-1123.

79. “Monomeric and Dimeric Amidinate Complexes of Magnesium,” A. R. Sadique, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 6349-6355.

78. “Early Transition Metal Complexes Containing 1,2,4-Triazolato and Tetrazolato Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Molecular Orbital Studies,” C. Yélamos, K. R. Gust, A. G. Baboul, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 6451-6462.

77. “Hydrogen and Dihydrogen Bonding as Important Features of the Reactivity of the Bridging Hydride in Pyrazolate-Bridged Dialuminum Complexes,” Z. Yu, J. M. Wittbrodt, A. Xia, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2001, 20, 4301-4303.

76. “A Bridging Ethyl Complex of Aluminum,” Z. Yu, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 2001, 353-354.

75. “Synthesis, structure, and properties of niobium and tantalum imido complexes bearing pyrazolato ligands. Crystal structures of Ta(NtBu)(tBu2Pz)3, Ta(NiPr)(tBu2Pz)3, Ta(NtBu)(Me2Pz)3(py), and Ta(NtBu)(tBu2Pz)2(Cl)(py)” K. R. Gust, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 2001, 20, 805-813 (Contemporary Inorganic Chemistry-II symposium issue).

74.  “η5-Imidazolato Complexes of Ruthenium,” J. R. Perera, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 2000, 19, 5263-5265.

73. “Unusually Stable Pyrazolate-Bridged Dialuminum Complexes Containing Bridging Methyl Groups,” Z. Yu, J. M. Wittbrodt, M.J . Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 9338-9939.

72. “Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Complexes Bearing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands," D. Pfeiffer, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 2000, 39, 2377-2384.

71. “Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes Bearing 1,3-Diphenyltriazenido Ligands,” D. Pfeiffer, I. A. Guzei, L. M. Liable-Sands, M. J. Heeg, A. L. Rheingold, C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 588, 167-175.

70. “Synthesis, Structure, and Molecular Orbital Studies of Yttrium, Erbium, and Lutetium Complexes Bearing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands: Development of a New Class of Precursors for Doping Semiconductors,” D. Pfeiffer, B. J. Ximba, L. M. Liable-Sands, A. L Rheingold, M. J. Heeg, D. M. Coleman, H. B. Schlegel, T. F. Kuech, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4539-4548.

69. “Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Aluminum Nitride Films,” J. T. Scheper, K. Wadu Mesthrige, J. W. Proscia, G.-Y. Liu, and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 3490-3496.

68. “Synthesis, Structure, and Chemical Vapor Deposition Studies of Molecular Precursors to NbP Films,” J. T. Scheper, K. C. Jayaratne, L. M. Liable-Sands, G. P. A. Yap, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4354-4360.

67. “Ruthenium Complexes Bearing η5-Pyrazolato Ligands,” J. R. Perera, M. J. Heeg, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 4536-4537.

66. “Low Temperature Deposition of Titanium Nitride Films From Dialkylhydrazine-Based Precursors,” J. T. Scheper, P. J. McKarns, T. S. Lewkebandara, and C. H. Winter, Solid State Electronics 1999, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 2, 149-157.

65. “Imido Complexes of Titanium Bearing η2-Pyrazolato Ancillary Ligand Sets,” C. Yélamos, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1999, 18, 1168-1176.

64. “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Group 4 and 5 Metal Pyrazolato Chloride Complexes,” C. Yélamos, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 1871-1878.

63. “Incorporation of Optically Active Erbium Into GaAs Using the Novel Precursor Tris(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolato)bis(4-tert-butylpyridine)erbium,” J. G. Cederberg, T. D. Culp, B. Bieg, D. Pfeiffer, C. H. Winter, K. L. Bray, and T. F. Kuech, J. Appl. Phys. 1999, 85, 1825-1831.

62. “Incorporation of Optically Active Erbium Into GaAs Using the Novel Precursor Tris(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolato)bis(4-tert-butylpyridine)erbium,” J. G. Cederberg, T. D. Culp, B. Bieg, D. Pfeiffer, C. H. Winter, K. L. Bray, and T. F. Kuech, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 195, 105-111.

61. “Magnesium Complexes Bearing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands,” D. Pfeiffer, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 2517-2519. Angew. Chem. 1998, 110, 2674-2676.

60. “Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Potassium Pyrazolato Complexes: The First Structurally Documented η2-Pyrazolato Coordination by a Main Group Metal,” C. Yélamos, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 3892-3894.

59. “Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a 2,3-Dialuminated Indole Derivative,” C. E. Reck, A. Bretschneider-Hurley, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1998, 17, 2906-2911.

58. “Development of Precursors to Niobium Disulfide Films: Synthesis, Structure, Hydrolysis, and Film Deposition Studies of Complexes of the Formula [NbCl4(S2R2)2]+[NbCl6]-,” P. J. McKarns, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 4743-4747. 

57. “New Magnesium Precursors for Doping Semiconductor Films,” C. H Winter, J. L. Sebestl, and M. J. Heeg, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1998, 495, 147-152.

56. “Precursors for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Nitride and Titanium Aluminum Nitride Films,” C. H. Winter, P.J . McKarns, and J. T. Scheper, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1998, 495, 95-106.

55. “Automotive Applications of Materials Prepared by Ceramic Precursor and Sol-Gel Routes,” C. K. Narula, A. Varshney, M. P. Everson, P. Schmitz, L. F. Allard, A. Gandopathyay, T. S. Lewkebandara, C. H. Winter, P. Czubarow, and D. Seyferth, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1998, 495, 287-298.

54. “Photoluminescence and Free Carrier Interactions in Erbium-Doped GaAs Using a New Pyrazole and Pyridine-Based Erbium Precursor,” T. D. Culp, J. G. Cederberg, B. Bieg, T. F. Kuech, K. L. Bray, D. Pfeiffer, and C. H. Winter, J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 83, 4918-4927.

53. “Adducts of Titanium Tetrachloride with Alkyl Selenium Compounds: Molecular Precursors to Titanium Diselenide Films,” P.J . McKarns, T. S. Lewkebandara, G. P. A. Yap, L. M. Liable-Sands, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 418-424.

52. “Monomeric Three- and Four-Coordinate Magnesium Amides,” J. L. Sebestl, T. T. Nadasdi, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 1289-1284.

51. “Crystal Structure of 3,5-Di-tert-butylpyazolium Hexachlorozirconate(IV), C22H42Cl6N4Zr,” I. A. Guzei, L. M. Liable-Sands, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Z. Krist. 1998, 213, 223-224.

50. “Crystal Structure of 1,4-Diiodo-2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene, C14H20I2,” I. A. Guzei, C. E. Reck, and C. H. Winter, Z. Krist. 1998, 213, 211-222.

49.  “Adducts of Titanium Tetrachloride with Organosulfur Compounds. Crystal and Molecular Structures of TiCl4(C4H8S)2 and (TiCl4)2(CH3SSCH3),” T. S. Lewkebandara, P. J. McKarns, B. S. Haggerty, G. P. A. Yap, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 1998, 17, 1-9.

48. “Synthesis and Characterization of a Dimagnesiated Aromatic Compound: Oligomeric Derivatives of 1,4-Bis(chloromagnesio)-2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene,” C. E. Reck and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1997, 16, 4493-4496.

47. “Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium and Zirconium Complexes Bearing Diphenyltriazenido Ligands,” I. A. Guzei, L. M. Liable-Sands, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Polyhedron 1997, 16, 4017-4022.

46. “Structural Diversity in the Reaction of Mono- and Disubstituted Pyrazoles with Titanium Tetrachloride. Importance of Hydrogen Bonding and Trends in cis/trans Geometry of Binary Adducts with Unidentate Ligands,” I. A. Guzei and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 4415-4420.

45. “Tantalum Complexes Bearing η1-, η2-, and “Slipped” η2-Pyrazolato Ligands,” I. A. Guzei, G. P. A. Yap, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 1738-1739.

44. “Synthesis, Reactivity, and Characterization of Ruthenocenes Bearing Pentazincated Cyclopentadienyl Ligands,” K. N. Seneviratne and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1997, 16, 2498-2499.

43. “Surprising Titanium Complexes Bearing η2-Pyrazolato Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Molecular Orbital Studies,” I. A. Guzei, A. G. Baboul, G. P. A. Yap, A. L. Rheingold, H. B. Schlegel, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 3387-3388.

42. “Synthesis, Structure, and Characterization of the Hydrogen-Substituted Imido Complex TiCl2(NH)(OPPh3)2,” P. J. McKarns, G. P. A. Yap, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 5968-5969.

41. “Imido Complexes Derived from the Reaction of Niobium and Tantalum Pentachloride With Primary Amines: Relevance to the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Nitride Films,” K. C. Jayaratne, G. P. A. Yap, B. S. Haggerty, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 4910-4920.

40. “Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Reactivity of Ruthenocenes Bearing Pentamagnesiated Cyclopentadienyl Ligands,” K. N. Seneviratne, A. Bretschneider-Hurley, and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 5506-5507.

39. “Permercuration of Substituted Ferrocenes. Assessment of the Degree of Mercuration,” S. A. Kur and C. H. Winter, J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 512, 39 (Issue honoring Marvin D. Rausch).

38. “A Precursor for the Low Temperature Deposition of Titanium Phosphide (TiP) Films,” T. S. Lewkebandara, J. W. Proscia, and C. H. Winter, Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 1053-1054.

37. “Synthesis, Characterization, and Halogenation of Decakis(acetoxymercurio)osmocene. Crystal and Molecular Structure of Decachloroosmocene,” S. A. Kur, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 414.

36. “Terminal and Bridging Imido Complexes from Titanium Tetrachloride and Primary Amines. Implications for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Nitride Films,” T. S. Lewkebandara, P. H. Sheridan, M. J. Heeg, A. L. Rheingold, and C. H. Winter, Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5879.

35. “Pentamethylpentalithioruthenocene and Decalithioruthenocene,” A. Bretschneider-Hurley and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6468-6469.

34. “Permercuration of Ferrocenes and Ruthenocenes. New Approaches to Complexes Bearing Perhalogenated Cyclopentadienyl Ligands,” Y.-H. Han, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter Organometallics 1994, 13, 3009.

33. “Generation and Reactivity of Substitution-Labile Dichloromethane and Chlorobenzene Adducts of the Chiral Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Rhenium Lewis Acid [(η5-C5Me)Re(NO)(PPh3)]+,” T.-S. Peng, C. H. Winter, and J. A. Gladysz, Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2534.

32. “Pentamercuration of Cyclopentadienylmanganese Tricarbonyl and Cyclopentadienylrhenium Tricarbonyl. Crystal Structure of Pentaiodocyclopentadienyl-manganese Tricarbonyl,” S. A. Kur, M. J. Heeg, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1994, 13, 1865.

31. “Single-Source Precursors to Vanadium Nitride and Vanadium Carbonitride Films,” C. H. Winter, V. C. Viejo, and J. W. Proscia Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1994, 327, 109-114.

30. “Single-Source Precursors to Niobium Nitride and Tantalum Nitride Films,” C. H. Winter, K. C. Jayaratne, and J. W. Proscia, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1994, 327, 103-108.

29. “[TiCl4(NH3)2]: An Improved Single-Source Precursor to Titanium Nitride Films,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, J. W. Proscia, and A. L. Rheingold, Inorg. Chem., 1994, 33, 1227.

28. “Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Highly Soluble Organotitanium Lewis Acids,” C. H. Winter and X.-X. Zhou in Fluorine and Fluorine-Containing Substituent Groups in Inorganic Chemistry; Thrasher, J. S.; Strauss, S. H., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 555, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994, 366.

27.   “A Class of Single-Source Precursors to Titanium Disulfide Films. Synthesis, Structure, and Chemical Vapor Deposition Studies of [TiCl4(HSR)2],” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, J. W. Proscia, and A. L. Rheingold, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 3807-3808.

26.  “Decamercuration of Ruthenocene,” C. H. Winter, Y.-H. Han, R. L. Ostrander, and A. L. Rheingold, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1161-1164.

25. “Multiple Desilylation of Silylated Cyclopentadienes Promoted by Ionic Ruthenium and Rhodium Halides,” C. H. Winter, S. Pirzad, D. D. Graf, D. H. Cao, and M. J. Heeg, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 3654.

24.  “Deposition of Fluorine-Doped Tungsten Oxide Thin Films by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition,” J. W. Proscia, C. H. Winter, G. P. Reck, and G.-G. Wen Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1993, 283, 933-938.

23.  “Single-Source Precursors to Titanium Nitride Thin Films,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, P. H. Sheridan, and J. W. Proscia Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1993, 282, 293-298.

22.  “Difluoro(η5-Bis-1,3-trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl)(η5-trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV),” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara and X.-X. Zhou, J. Cryst. Spectr. Res. 1993, 23, 685.

21. “Mercuration of a Ruthenocene. Synthesis, Characterization, and Halogenation of [(C5(HgO2CCH3)5)(C5(CH3)5)Ru],” C. H. Winter, Y.-H. Han, and M. J. Heeg, Organometallics 1992, 10, 3169-3170. 

20. “Low Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Disulfide Films,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, and J. W. Proscia, Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 1144-1145.

19. “Approaches to Hexane Soluble Cationic Organometallic Lewis Acids. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Titanocene Derivatives Containing Polysilylated Cyclopentadienyl Ligands,” C. H. Winter, X.-X. Zhou, and M. J. Heeg, Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1808.

18. “Understanding Electronic Effects in Organometallic Complexes. Electron Donation by the Trimethylsilyl Group,” P. G. Gassman, P. A. Deck, C. H. Winter, D. A. Dobbs, and D. H. Cao, Organometallics 1992, 10, 959.

17.  “A Single-Source Precursor to Titanium Nitride Thin Films. Evidence for the Intermediacy of Imido Complexes in the Chemical Vapor Deposition Process,” C. H. Winter, P. H. Sheridan, T. S. Lewkebandara, J. W. Proscia, and M. J. Heeg, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1095-1096.

16. “Approaches to Hexane Soluble Cationic Organometallic Lewis Acids. Synthesis, Structure, and Solubility of Titanium Complexes of the Formula [(η5-C5(Si(CH3)3)nH5-n)Ti(acac)2]+ TfO- (n = 2,3),” C. H. Winter, X.-X. Zhou, and M. J. Heeg, Organometallics 1991, 10, 3799-3800.

15. “Intramolecular O-H...Cl Hydrogen Bonding in Titanium Alkoxides of the Formula [TiCl2(OCH2CH2X)2 ·HOCH2CH2X]2 (X = Cl, Br, I). Crystal Structure of [TiCl2(OCH2CH2Cl)2·HOCH2CH2Cl]2,” C. H. Winter, P. H. Sheridan, and M. J. Heeg, Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 1962.

14. “A New Mechanistic Path in the Reaction of Ruthenium Trichloride with Silylated Cyclopentadienes. Ionic Transition Metal Halides as Desilylating Agents,” C. H. Winter, S. Pirzad, and D. H. Cao, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1991, 1026.

13. “Delocalized Electronic Interactions in Chiral Cyclopentadienyl Rhenium Halide Complexes. The Valence Photoelectron Spectra of CpRe(NO)(L)X (Cp is η5-C5H5 and η5-C5(CH3)5, L is CO and P(C6H5)3, X is Cl, Br, and I),” D. L. Lichtenberger, A. Rai-Chaudhuri, M. J. Seidel, J. A. Gladysz, S. K. Agbossou, A. Igau, and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1991, 10, 1355.

12. “Understanding Electronic Effects in Organometallic Complexes. The Influence of Methyl Substitution on Hafnocene Dihalides,” P. G. Gassman and C. H. Winter, Organometallics 1991, 10, 1592.

11. “Hindered Cyclopentadienyl Rotation in Hexakis(trimethylsilyl)metallocene Dichlorides of Zirconium and Hafnium. Evidence for Complete Rotation of the Tris(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadienyl Ligands,” C. H. Winter, D. A. Dobbs, and X.-X. Zhou, J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 145.

10. “Cyclopentadienylmetal Trichloride Formation Versus Metallocene Dichloride Formation in the Reactions of Silylated Cyclopentadienes with Zirconium and Hafnium Chlorides. Crystal Structure of 1,3-Bis(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadienyltitanium Trichloride,” C. H. Winter, X.-X. Zhou, D. A. Dobbs, and M. J. Heeg, Organometallics 1991, 10, 210.

09. “(η5-Tris-1,2,4-trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)titanium Dichloride,” C. H. Winter, J. W. Kampf, and X.-X. Zhou, Acta Cryst. C 1990, C46, 1231.

08. “Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Stable Alkyl and Aryl Iodide Complexes of the Formula [(η5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(IR)]+ BF4-,” C. H. Winter, W. R. Veal, C. M. Garner, A. M. Arif, and J. A. Gladysz, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 4766.

07.  “Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Bridging Halide Complexes of the Formula [(η5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)]2X+ BF4-; Preferential Binding of One Enantiomer of Halide Complexes (η5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(X) by the Chiral Lewis Acid [(η5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)]+,” C. H. Winter, A. M. Arif, and J. A. Gladysz, Organometallics 1989, 8, 219.

06. “Generation of the Dichloromethane Complex [(η5-C5Me5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(ClCH2Cl)]+ BF4-and its Conversion to the Oxidative Addition Product [(η5-C5Me5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(Cl)(CH2Cl)]+ BF4-,” C. H. Winter and J. A. Gladysz, J. Organomet. Chem. 1988, 354, C33.

05. “Preparation, Electrochemical Oxidation, and XPS Studies of Unsymmetrical Ruthenocenes Bearing the Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ligand,” P. G. Gassman and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6130.

04. “A General Class of Stable Alkyl Halide Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Alkyl Iodide Complexes of the Formula [(η5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(IR)]+ BF4-,” C. H. Winter, A. M. Arif, and J. A. Gladysz, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 7560-7561.

03. “Trifluoromethylcyclopentadienide—A Powerful Electron-Withdrawing Ligand for Transition Metal Complexes,” P. G. Gassman and C. H. Winter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 4228-4229.

02. “Nucleophilic Character of an Electrophilic Carbene. Synthesis of Cyclopropanes by Thermal Decomposition of 3-Chloro-3-phenyldiazirine,” M. P. Doyle, J. W. Terpstra, and C. H. Winter, Tetrahedron Lett. 1984, 901-904.

01.  “Rhodium(II) Acetate Catalyzed Hydrocarbon Oxidations by Molecular Oxygen,” M. P. Doyle, J. W. Terpstra, C. H. Winter, and J. H. Griffin, J. Mol. Catal. 1984, 26, 259.

 

 

 

B.  Invited Review Articles

1. “Chemical Vapor Deposition Routes to Titanium Disulfide Films,” T. S. Lewkebandara and C. H. Winter Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 237.

2. “MOCVD Precursors to Metal Oxide, Nitride, and Sulfide Films,” C. H. Winter, Strem Chemiker 1994, 15, 1.

3. “MOCVD of Lanthanide Materials: Applications and Opportunities,” T. S. Lewkebandara and C. H. Winter, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 6, 271.

4. “Thin Films of Early Transition Metal Monophosphides: A Fertile Field?,” T. S. Lewkebandara and C. H. Winter, Adv. Mater. CVD 1996, 2, 75.

5. “Permetalated Aromatic Compounds,” C. H. Winter, K. N. Seneviratne, and A. Bretschneider-Hurley, Comments on Inorganic Chemistry 1996, 19, 1.

6. C. H. Winter, “Precursors for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Disulfide and Titanium Nitride Films, Materials Synthesis and Characterization, Perry, D. L., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1997, pp 115-129.

7. C. H. Winter, “The Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Nitride Films Using Modern Metalorganic Precursors,” Aldrichimica Acta 2000, 33, 3-8.

8. C. H. Winter, W. Zheng, and H. M. El-Kaderi, “Metallic Materials Deposition: Metal-Organic Precursors,” Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry-II, Wiley: Chichester, 2005, Volume 5, pp. 3121-3144.

 

 

C.  Book Chapters

1. C. H. Winter, “Dipotassium Acetylide,” L. A. Paquette, Ed., Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Wiley: Chichester; 1995, 2268-2270.

2. C. H. Winter, “2-Bromo-2-methylpropionyl Bromide,” L. A. Paquette, Ed., Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Wiley: Chichester; 1995, 754-755.

3. C. H. Winter, “1,1-Dimethylhydrazine,” L. A. Paquette, Ed., Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Wiley: Chichester; 1995, 2081-2083.

4. C. H. Winter, “Inorganic Chemistry for the Year 1995,” Encyclopedia Britannica: Yearbook of Science and the Future, 1997, 281-284.

5. C. H. Winter, “Inorganic Chemistry for the Year 1996,” Encyclopedia Britannica: Yearbook of Science and the Future, 1998, 257-260.

6. C. H. Winter, “Inorganic Chemistry for the Year 1997,” Encyclopedia Britannica: Yearbook of Science and the Future, 1999, 256-258.

7. C. H. Winter, “Inorganic Chemistry for the Year 1998,” Encyclopedia Britannica: Yearbook of Science and the Future, 2000, 239-242.

 

 

D.  Patents

1. “(Perfluoroalkyl)-Cyclopentadienylthallium,” P. G. Gassman and C. H. Winter, U.S. Patent Number 4,699,987, Issued Oct. 13, 1987.

2. “Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Chalcogenide Films,” C. H. Winter and T. S. Lewkebandara, U.S. Patent Number 5,112,650, Issued May 12, 1992.

3. “Metallo-Organic Precursors to Titanium Nitride Thin Films,” C. H. Winter, J. W. Proscia, T. S. Lewkebandara, and P. H. Sheridan, U.S. Patent Number 5,194,642, Issued March 16, 1993.

4. “Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Chalcogenide Films,” C. H. Winter and T. S. Lewkebandara, U.S. Patent Number 5,298,295, Issued March 29, 1994.

5. “Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Films by the Chemical Vapor Deposition Reaction of Stannic Chloride with Amines,” J. W. Proscia, G.-G. Wen, K. B. Williams, C. H. Winter, and G. P. Reck, U.S. Patent Number 5,314,716, Issued May 24, 1994.

6. “Metallo-Organic Precursors to Titanium Nitride Thin Films,” C. H. Winter, J. W. Proscia, T. S. Lewkebandara, and P. H. Sheridan, U.S. Patent Number 5,330,793, Issued July 19, 1994.

7. “Metallo-Organic Precursors to Titanium Nitride Thin Films,” C. H. Winter, J. W. Proscia, T. S. Lewkebandara, and P. H. Sheridan, European Patent Number 93902147.3, Issued September 22, 1994.

8. “Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Pnictogenide Films Using Single-Source Precursors,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, and P. H. Sheridan, U.S. Patent Number 5,409,735, Issued April 25, 1995.

9. “Single-Source Precursors for Metal Dichalcogenide Coatings,” C. H. Winter and T. S. Lewkebandara, U.S. Patent Number 5,425,966, Issued June 20, 1995.

10. “Process for the Preparation of Metal Nitride Coatings From Single Source Precursors and Precursors Suitable Therefor,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, and K. C. Jayaratne, U.S. Patent Number 5,591,483, Issued January 7, 1997.

11. “Organometallic Source Compounds for Use in Chemical Vapor Deposition,” C. H. Winter and J. L. Sebestl U.S. Patent Number 5,892,083, Issued April 6, 1999.

12. “Process for the Preparation of Metal Nitride Coatings From Single Source Precursors and Precursors Suitable Therefor,” C. H. Winter, T. S. Lewkebandara, and K. C. Jayaratne, U.S. Patent Number 5,900,498, Issued May 4, 1999.

13. “Methods of Filling a Feature on a Substrate with Copper Nanocrystals,” C. H. Winter, Z. Yu, C. L. Dezelah IV, and A. N. Goldstein, U.S. Patent Number 6,897,151, Issued May 24, 2005.

14. “Copper Nanocrystals and Methods of Producing Same,” C. H. Winter, Z. Yu, and C. L. Dezelah IV, U.S. Patent Number 6,887,297, Issued May 3, 2005.

15. “Metal Oxide-Containing Nanoparticles,” C. H. Winter and C. L. Dezelah IV, U.S. Patent Application, submitted March 21, 2003.

16. “Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Reducible to Form Metallic Copper,” C. H. Winter and C. L. Dezelah IV, PCT Int. Appl., 2004.

17. “Precursors for the Growth of Metal Nitride Films, C. H. Winter and O. M. El-Kadri, U.S. Patent Application, submitted August 22, 2006.

18. "Volatile, Thermally Stable Transition Metal Precursors for Thin Film Growth," C.H. Winter, T.J. Knisley, and M.C. Karunarathne, U.S. Patent Application, submitted February 27, 2009.

19.  "Thermally Stable and Volatile Transition Metal Diazadienate Complexes as Precursors for Atomic Layer Deposition," U.S. Patent Application. August 2011.

20. "Atomic Layer Deposition of Transition Metal Thin Films," T.J. Knisley, T. Ariyasena, and C. H. Winter, U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Case #61504859, filed July 6, 2011.

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 Last updated: April 06, 2012